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Messages - starspirit

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106
General Discussion / Two questions relating to global settlement
« on: June 19, 2015, 01:44:28 am »
1. How does global settlement on a Smartcoin get enforced? For example, how to you forcibly remove the long holding from a users' account? Or would each Smartcoin (or series of Smartcoin) have a unique identifier that would remove its ability to settle at any future date, thereby devaluing its market value?

2. Keys can get lost, accounts abandoned, or users forget or die. The problem is when we have counter-parties on the other side of their positions. Say for example, somebody owns a big % of bitUSD and disappears. The shorts could never fully exit their positions. The best they could do is try to offload their short position to others by bidding a high enough price on bitUSD in the market so another short self-creates a position to meet their bid. Is global settlement intended to deal with this situation, or are there less drastic solutions?

[Edit, actually make that 3 questions...]

3. What is the procedure for shorts agreeing to force a global settlement? Does this present any legal problem of control on the market?

107
General Discussion / Re: New accounts last 24h:
« on: June 19, 2015, 01:24:40 am »
Just musing on the topic, what if -
- randomly allocated (and meaningless) IDs or aliases are provided by default at network cost (i.e. "free")
- user-defined account aliases all have a cost based on form, with pricing accounting for demand and scarcity.

108
General Discussion / Re: Privatizing BitAssets
« on: June 19, 2015, 01:03:45 am »
OK, so does buying the name SUPER (for example) automatically get you the entire set of names SUPER.<X>?
Do we need the "dot"?
And if the use of a "dot" in the nomenclature is not consistent with the codes used on external exchanges, I assume they can just choose to display it without the "dot" if they are willing to list it?
Maybe there is a reference source somebody could point me to that talks about the rules and fees for UIA names?

109
i) more flexibility in the incentive structure, for example the possibility to take a royalty as well as just trading fees, and the ability to share fees between the designer of the asset class and promoters of various specific assets within that class (parametizations of that asset), and

ii) extending the flexibility of privatised Smartcoin design, primarily through the use of customised scripting, to generalise its application to a much more diverse range of possible structures.

ii) requires a scripting language built into the blockchain, and the complexity equals that of etherium.

I think there is a plan for smart contracts of some kind, but the details aren't available yet.

this is definitely a cool idea for future experimentation; i know i say this often, but i think the community should focus all effort on making the existing p2p asset trading platform awesome, make it such a compelling value proposition for the handful of assets currently trading, and then encourage the natural transition for these assets to be used in trade. If we get this right for even just bitUSD, then the entire network would be orders of magnitude more valuable. from there, experimentation with other value propositions / use cases for the blockchain can proceed with a big source of capital underlying the base.
I appreciate the sentiment. We have limited resources and need to prioritise. What I'm trying to do is my bit to help get the asset trading platform to the position where it is "awesome" enough to be self-marketing. When we see demand for our core products expanding their markets beyond the immediate bitShares community, we will know we have reached that first stage of success. We've made a lot of technical progress in that direction, but its not complete. We will have a network platform unmatched in its performance. To really impress the broader market with our products, we need stable currencies that maintain tight pegs, tokens that track the performance of any external asset with tight tracking errors, and the ability to take leveraged positions based on asset performance. Only then, in my opinion, will we have all the essential ingredients for an unmatched peer to peer exchange.

The generality sought in my OP was perhaps overly ambitious for now. Yet I am hoping that we can put in place a project to extend the proposed scope of Smartcoins, to the minimal point required where the designs for these exchange services can all be properly implemented, to launch our wider success. Then that will just be the end of the beginning...


110
Exactly because nobody can foresee how we will all think in the future, I need to ask - Is the free use for Bitshares non-revocable?

111
As I understand it, proposals are added to a list of all the other proposals. Every day the reserve-pool pays out to #1 on the list until #1 proposal has been funded. Then #2, #3...
If every proposal has a very small budget perhaps 100 proposals will be funded that day, but if #1 is a mega-project then any other proposals may lack funding.
Is there a name for this proposal list?
Quote
- Budgets - Is there proposed to be a budget limit per project, or a limit on the rate at which any project can draw funds? For example, are draw rates >1 current delegate envisaged?
Could you clarify what you mean by the bold?
I think projects are paid out in list-order, as above. Proposals set their own funding needs and only recieve them if they are ranked high enough on the list and there are still funds left to be paid from the reserve pool that block/day/week?
To clarify my meaning: Suppose a project needs 3 developers working full time for a month. It would be best to release 3-delegates worth of funding continuously over the month, rather than release the full budget up-front, or spread 1-delegates worth over 3 months. Can it be finessed like this? Even better for large projects I think, although more complex, would be payment on agreed milestones - perhaps a trusted member or group acting as "project supervisor" could authorise this release.

112
i) more flexibility in the incentive structure, for example the possibility to take a royalty as well as just trading fees, and the ability to share fees between the designer of the asset class and promoters of various specific assets within that class (parametizations of that asset), and

ii) extending the flexibility of privatised Smartcoin design, primarily through the use of customised scripting, to generalise its application to a much more diverse range of possible structures.

ii) requires a scripting language built into the blockchain, and the complexity equals that of etherium.

I think there is a plan for smart contracts of some kind, but the details aren't available yet.
But aren't privatised Smartcoins just script as well? What if the scripting were limited in scope to certain components of the Smartcoin design? For example -

- customised calculation for changes to the fair value of the token, based on feed prices, rather than "fair = feed"
- defining the inputs and validation checks for self-creation orders
- customised method of re-distributing tokens on other types of special orders, such as settlement
etc

This is the sort of thing I had in mind. Would that still be just as complex as ethereum?
If this is not possible, I suppose we would need to request the developer team write the scripts themselves as a project?


113
I hate to say it, but this is basically Etherium that you're describing here. The problem that they'll have with their privatised instrument classes is that none of them are 'official' so will have exactly the same class of trust and adoption problems that any product/business has getting set up, on top of the existing problems that the blockchain itself has in getting established, making this path a slow burn, so to speak.
monsterer, reflecting on your comment here, I think the key difference is I envisage this flexibility being incorporated into the core bitShares protocol, as an extension of privatised Smartcoins. My understanding of BM's announcements for 2.0 is that keeping smart contracts within the core protocol makes all the difference in network performance compared to the Ethereum approach. Still thinking this through, but there are 2 main changes to Smartcoins to achieve the intent of the OP:

i) more flexibility in the incentive structure, for example the possibility to take a royalty as well as just trading fees, and the ability to share fees between the designer of the asset class and promoters of various specific assets within that class (parametizations of that asset), and

ii) extending the flexibility of privatised Smartcoin design, primarily through the use of customised scripting, to generalise its application to a much more diverse range of possible structures.

114
Technical Support / Re: Interest/Yield
« on: June 18, 2015, 05:07:02 am »
I'm looking forward to seeing what kind of innovative privatized BitAssets people come up with. For example, nothing stops someone from creating a BitUSD5 (5% APR interest as part of the definition). I wonder how the supply and demand of that asset would work out compared to regular BitUSD as sentiment changes regarding the near future value of BTS (or whatever collateral asset is used) relative to USD. Also, privatized BitAssets could be used to implement the BitAsset 2.0 (the short-lived proposal by bytemaster before the even newer BitAsset 3.0 was renamed to the BitAsset 2.0 that Graphene uses), where the BitAsset creators force liquidation after 1 year, for example, and there could be two staggered versions of this asset. So those assets would be a 1 year bond with some prescribed fixed interest rate and minimum collateral maintenance requirements. The fact that there is a definite end date at which point there would effectively be infinite liquidity at the price feed (or 30 day average price or something) might make the shorts more willing to participate despite the additional risk added from the prescribed interest rate. The users would of course still be responsible for shifting BitUSD5A into BitUSD5B (and vice versa) once every 6 months (assuming they didn't delegate that responsibility to a third-party UIA issuer, with corresponding counterparty risk of course). The main difference between this approach and the collateralized bond market is that the BitAssets would be divisible and fungible. Therefore trading these assets for the normal BitUSD (for example to move from savings to checking or vice versa) could be easily facilitated at any time through the exchange markets on BitShares.
Arhag, it's a good point that asset definitions are more flexible than just a single immutable unit of the underlying asset, and that's a key area I'm looking to exploit in my own designs. Assuming the price is allowed to be set freely by the market, I believe what you are proposing here is probably more like a bond than a savings account. The market price will behave like a zero coupon bond where the yield to maturity is independent of the stated yield.

115
This discussion is very useful. I think that on-chain tools should be as simple and minimalist as possible to achieve the goal, especially in the beginning as we learn from the process. Here are some of my initial questions:

- Proposers: Who will be able to make proposals? Will they require at least the support of a designated developer or CNX?
- Quality: Do minimum information standards need enforcement in the proposal, or let the community be free to decide the quality of each proposal?
- Budgets - Is there proposed to be a budget limit per project, or a limit on the rate at which any project can draw funds? For example, are draw rates >1 current delegate envisaged?
- Killing a project - Is the idea that incomplete projects can only be removed by a veto system, rather than simply falling off a list due to voter apathy?
- Accountability - Can payments be contingent upon meeting prescribed delivery milestones in the project terms?
- Voter Apathy - How do we deal with lack of voting interest in projects? Can we delegate to voting blocs, or elect a default voter? Can we use dynamic account permissions to do this?



116
Taken from the hangout thread:

bytemaster,

What is your view on bitShares borrowing from the market to help fund development? Depending on the size of such loans, the possibility of dilution may not sit well with those who think of BTS as a currency, but if we think of BTS as a growing business in need of development capital, giving bitShares more flexible options in its own capital structure could increase our ability to manage for growth while still doing it all on the block-chain. Clearly this is partly a question of philosophy.

[BM, if you want more colour on it beforehand, see discussion here... https://bitsharestalk.org/index.php/topic,16973.msg217478.html#msg217478]

I'm not Bytemaster, but I'm happy to answer since I'm not technically required to know what I'm talking about.
(After all, this is not rocket science.)

But the question is not where to obtain BitShares, it's the fact that you intend to liquidate them that matters.
Whether you borrow or print or "earn" them doesn't matter if you intend to HODL until 2099.
Now if you issue a vesting asset that someone can use as collateral to borrow against outside BitShares, then you've got something.

They will be spending other assets while the BTS stay locked up until a time far, far away when BTS will be the global reserve currency and no one will care if you sell them into a deeply liquid market.

That said, viewed as a business, that is exactly what Silicon Valley startups do.  They issue equity for work, which the workers are happy to take with the hope it will result in higher value than a paycheck if the company is successful.  But if you get into a situation where the workers must immediately liquidate their shares to buy food, then you are hurting your share price.

This is fine in normal startups where investors understand that they will not be able to sell for many moons.
It is not so fine if investors can sell now and buy back later when all the hard work is complete.

Disclaimer:  I am not an economist, I only play one late at night to amuse myself.

 :)
Thanks for your comment Stan.

The main purpose of the loans would be to have a deeper pool of development funds than currently available through delegate pay alone, so that bitShares can directly pay for all the developers it needs, and pay them a competitive rate. It doesn't directly tackle the questions you raise about how those payments should be packaged to align the interests of the developers with the stakeholders, as well as ensure they are not unduly pressuring the price of BTS through sales. But now you raised it, I'll add some thoughts on these issues, which are also important.

I suspect whether you pay the developers in BTS, bitUSD or something else doesn't really matter from their perspective, as long as they are free to convert one to the other at market prices. And it doesn't matter from the perspective of BTS owners, because whatever currency you pay them in is the same currency that has to be extracted from the market in the first place to lend to the bitShares development pool (just to be clear, lent funds must be taken from the market - they are not produced by dilution). There is only a timing difference in the end, although if such loans were spread over time, a lot of the timing differences would smooth out anyway. What the market will be concerned with is any potential dilution to make maturity payments should the reserve pool be insufficient.

As far as alignment goes, some developers will want the security of a competitive income stream, and then they can decide after the fact if they want to save some of this in the form of BTS or not. This is like a typical employee wage. Others will be happy to get paid at a higher rate, by sacrificing secure wages now in order to be paid in equity that only vests after some period (say 3 years). bitShares should also be happy to pay these people at a higher rate, because the interests of both parties are aligned by future share performance. This is like startup equity. And there may be other developers whose risk tolerance sits somewhere in the middle.

I doubt there is any easy way to meet your suggestion for a developer to get vested equity, and be able to borrow against that to cover daily expenses. If they could do this, they would be building a risky leveraged position for themselves. Their only realistic choice is somewhere on the spectrum of secure income to vesting equity. And that may come down to each individual.

I hope this helps and I have not gone on a completely different tack. I'll copy these comments to the original discussion thread so that we don't steal fuzzy's thread here.

117
bytemaster,

What is your view on bitShares borrowing from the market to help fund development? Depending on the size of such loans, the possibility of dilution may not sit well with those who think of BTS as a currency, but if we think of BTS as a growing business in need of development capital, giving bitShares more flexible options in its own capital structure could increase our ability to manage for growth while still doing it all on the block-chain. Clearly this is partly a question of philosophy.

[BM, if you want more colour on it beforehand, see discussion here... https://bitsharestalk.org/index.php/topic,16973.msg217478.html#msg217478]

I'm not Bytemaster, but I'm happy to answer since I'm not technically required to know what I'm talking about.
(After all, this is not rocket science.)

But the question is not where to obtain BitShares, it's the fact that you intend to liquidate them that matters.
Whether you borrow or print or "earn" them doesn't matter if you intend to HODL until 2099.
Now if you issue a vesting asset that someone can use as collateral to borrow against outside BitShares, then you've got something.

They will be spending other assets while the BTS stay locked up until a time far, far away when BTS will be the global reserve currency and no one will care if you sell them into a deeply liquid market.

That said, viewed as a business, that is exactly what Silicon Valley startups do.  They issue equity for work, which the workers are happy to take with the hope it will result in higher value than a paycheck if the company is successful.  But if you get into a situation where the workers must immediately liquidate their shares to buy food, then you are hurting your share price.

This is fine in normal startups where investors understand that they will not be able to sell for many moons.
It is not so fine if investors can sell now and buy back later when all the hard work is complete.

Disclaimer:  I am not an economist, I only play one late at night to amuse myself.

 :)
Thanks for your comment Stan.

The main purpose of the loans would be to have a deeper pool of development funds than currently available through delegate pay alone, so that bitShares can directly pay for all the developers it needs, and pay them a competitive rate. It doesn't directly tackle the questions you raise about how those payments should be packaged to align the interests of the developers with the stakeholders, as well as ensure they are not unduly pressuring the price of BTS through sales. But now you raised it, I'll add some thoughts on these issues, which are also important.

I suspect whether you pay the developers in BTS, bitUSD or something else doesn't really matter from their perspective, as long as they are free to convert one to the other at market prices. And it doesn't matter from the perspective of BTS owners, because whatever currency you pay them in is the same currency that has to be extracted from the market in the first place to lend to the bitShares development pool (just to be clear, lent funds must be taken from the market - they are not produced by dilution). There is only a timing difference in the end, although if such loans were spread over time, a lot of the timing differences would smooth out anyway. What the market will be concerned with is any potential dilution to make maturity payments should the reserve pool be insufficient.

As far as alignment goes, some developers will want the security of a competitive income stream, and then they can decide after the fact if they want to save some of this in the form of BTS or not. This is like a typical employee wage. Others will be happy to get paid at a higher rate, by sacrificing secure wages now in order to be paid in equity that only vests after some period (say 3 years). bitShares should also be happy to pay these people at a higher rate, because the interests of both parties are aligned by future share performance. This is like startup equity. And there may be other developers whose risk tolerance sits somewhere in the middle.

I doubt there is any easy way to meet your suggestion for a developer to get vested equity, and be able to borrow against that to cover daily expenses. If they could do this, they would be building a risky leveraged position for themselves. Their only realistic choice is somewhere on the spectrum of secure income to vesting equity. And that may come down to each individual.

I hope this helps and I have not gone on a completely different tack. I'll copy these comments to the original discussion thread so that we don't steal fuzzy's thread here.
[Edit: Copied here... https://bitsharestalk.org/index.php/topic,16973.msg217559.html#msg217559]

118
Stakeholder Proposals / Re: Short Order Refactoring
« on: June 17, 2015, 02:34:43 am »
Great. This makes it easy (and cheaper) to better simulate a short sell order without excessive soft-collateral funds. You can put up nearly all of the BTS (excluding some to pay for fees) into a short position and get a good amount of BitUSD out of it (not too much to have a high enough collateral value to debt value ratio that makes it unlikely to be margin called or force called from redemption). Then you can sell the BitUSD for more BTS which is then moved back into the short position to increase the debt and then take that extra BitUSD and sell it again. If we assume the value of the initial debt is 50% of the value of the initial collateral and the prices don't change much during this process, then the BitUSD amount will halve with each round. In just a few rounds, it becomes negligible to extract and sell any more debt from the short position. Furthermore, adjusting the ratio at a later point only requires transactions dealing with one short position rather than multiple ones (for example, a new short position created with each round in the process described earlier).

arhag, you just filled a gap in my own thinking. I realised that self-creating a short and selling the long for BTS meant that the short did not have as much leverage to BTS as under the current approach of short-selling directly into the market. I felt though that the equivalent outcome should still be possible, and now you've described that process so thanks. So in theory there should be no loss from the new approach even if the borrower's motive is still to leverage BTS as much as possible (although its a bit less convenient).

119
bytemaster,

What is your initial view on bitShares borrowing from the market to help fund development, with loan repayment enforced by the block-chain? Depending on the size of such loans, the possibility of dilution may not sit well with those who think of BTS as a currency, but if we think of BTS as a growing business in need of development capital, giving bitShares more flexible options in its own capital structure could increase our ability to manage for growth while still doing it all on the block-chain. Clearly there are strategic and other philosophical questions around this.

[BM, if you want more colour on it beforehand, see discussion here... https://bitsharestalk.org/index.php/topic,16973.msg217478.html#msg217478]

120
On Investment Loans

As this method gained some interest, I wanted to expand some ideas on it.

In modern markets there are many variations on capital structures, ranging through shares, preferred shares, convertible bonds, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities etc. Each of these have different implications for capital movement, dilution and interest. Likewise here, there would be a wide range of structures that could be considered.

For example, there would be no need to pay coupons (simplifying administration) if the loans were structured like zero coupon bonds. These could then trade at a floating discount to par in the market.

The maturity payment could be set to a maximum dilution on BTS (i.e. a maximum percentage of the market cap). In that way, BTS never effectively defaults or becomes bankrupt and can always be an ongoing concern. Its just a risk the market needs to price in.

Or to minimise dilution, the tokens could get repaid first from any future revenues, with BTS holders only getting paid once the debt is fully repaid with interest.

If profitability is reached early, or funds are raised by other means, there might be options to repay the loan early.

So really a number of different parameters can be considered, to effect different outcomes, and each has different impacts on demand and interest.

The community would then also have many more choices for participating in the bitshares enterprise, as to whether they wish to hold the full-risk BTS token, or some more conservative token that supports it.

The first step though is to consider whether we wish to walk down this road. There would need to be much debate.

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