First two look best.
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Curing diseases, child or adult education, freeing knowledge, drug rehabilitation, there are a lot of different places where charity would be immensely helpful even if it's continuous. I think if you're just giving someone a cheque then that might encourage dependence if you're not giving an opportunity along with a cheque. That is the problem with welfare, it merely gives a cheque without giving any opportunity to the people receiving it. In a way it is pitiful but when the alternative is a prison cell it's far more cost effective and humane.
The replacement should not just give people a cheque. It give both a cheque and a choice. That means there should be options for people to better themselves and start businesses. Perhaps give people a cheque combined with a loan which they can use to buy capital assets with. The more successfully they invest, the more frequent and bigger their cheque.
Entrepreneurship should increase the amount of funding that people get but the current way welfare works the more ambitious the recipient is the more they get punished as their meal ticket is reduced.